Methods

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)

The pigment powders were analysed by applying the FTIR instrument Spectrum 2000 of Perkin Elmer and a FTIR microscope LUMOS of Bruker Optics.

Spectrum 2000 is equipped with an i-series microscope and a MCT detector using Spectrum GX software version 2000. The instrument was purged with dry air. Small powder amounts were placed on a diamond micro-compression cell (Spectra-Tech, Inc.) and flattened between two diamond windows. Spectra were acquired in transmission mode within the range of 580 - 4000 cm-1.

Measuring conditions: 100 μm slit, 200 scans, 4 cm-1resolution, CO2/H2O correction
Spectral processing: baseline correction, normalization, smoothing of the spectra

   

Perkin Elmer Spectrum 2000 with i-series microscope (Perkin Elmer Ltd.) and diamond micro-compression cell (Spectra-Tech, Inc.,) shown in the image on the right.



Measurements using the FTIR instrument LUMOS with the integrated microscope and MCT detector were performed with OPUS software 8.0. As mentioned above, powders were analyzed on diamond micro-compression cell (Spectra-Tech, Inc.) in transmission mode and within the range of 450 - 4000 cm-1.
Measuring conditions: 200 scans, 4 cm-1 resolution, CO2/H2O correction
Spectral processing: baseline correction, vector normalization

FTIR microscope LUMOS (Bruker)